Tirzepatide is a medication primarily used in the management of type 2 diabetes and obesity. It functions as a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist, mimicking the action of incretin hormones such as GLP-1 and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), which help regulate blood sugar levels.

The mechanism of action involves Tirzepatide binding to specific receptors on pancreatic cells. This binding stimulates insulin secretion in response to high blood glucose levels, thereby helping the body maintain proper glucose balance. Additionally, it inhibits the secretion of glucagon, a hormone that raises blood glucose levels, further aiding in glucose control.

Tirzepatide is approved for use in adults with type 2 diabetes, often as part of a comprehensive treatment plan that includes diet and exercise. It may also be used off-label for weight management or as an adjunct to weight loss programs under medical supervision.

Common side effects include nausea, diarrhea, and vomiting. In rare cases, it can lead to pancreatitis, which requires immediate medical attention. Patients should monitor for symptoms of pancreatitis, such as abdominal pain and high fever, and report them to their healthcare provider promptly.